8.0 References for Python section:
9.0 Appendix
9.1 Atoms syntax rule:
Atoms are the most basic elements of expressions. The simplest atoms are identifiers or literals. Forms enclosed in reverse quotes or in parentheses, brackets or braces are also categorized syntactically as atoms. The syntax for atoms is:
atom ::= identifier | literal | enclosure
enclosure ::= parenth_form | list_display | generator_expression | dict_display | set_display | string_conversion | yield_atom
(Expressions, 2015)
9.2 Calls
A call calls a callable object (e.g., a function) with a possibly empty series of arguments (Expressions, 2015):
call ::= primary "(" [argument_list [","] | expression genexpr_for] ")"
argument_list ::= positional_arguments ["," keyword_arguments] ["," "*" expression] ["," keyword_arguments
[""*" expression] ["," "**" expression] | "*" expression ["," keyword_arguments] ["," "**" expression] | "**" expression positional_arguments ::= expression ("," expression)*
keyword_arguments ::= keyword_item ("," keyword_item)*
keyword_item ::= expression
(Expressions, 2015)
9.3 Binary bitwise operations
Each of the three bitwise operations has a different priority level:
and_expr ::= shift_expr | and_expr "&" shift_expr
xor_expr ::= and_expr | xor_expr "^" and_expr
or_expr ::= xor_expr | or_expr "|" xor_expr
(Expressions, 2015)
9.4 Comparisons
Unlike C, all comparison operations in Python have the same priority, which is lower than that of any arithmetic, shifting or bitwise operation. Also unlike C, expressions like a < b < c have the interpretation that is conventional in mathematics:
comparison ::= or_expr ( comp_operator or_expr )*
comp_operator ::= "<" | ">" | "==" | ">=" | "<=" | "<>" | "!=" | "is" ["not"] | ["not"] "in"
comparisons return Boolean value(Expressions, 2015).
9.5 Python source code:
All python source releases can be downloaded for free from:
https://www.python.org/downloads/source/
10.0 References for C++ section:
Chua, C. (2013). Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C.:
https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/cpp/cp3_OOP.html
http://www.ctp.bilkent.edu.tr/~russell/java/LectureNotes/1_OOConcepts.htm
Eliason, K. (2013, August 1). Difference Between OOP and Procedural Programming Language. :https://neonbrand.com/website-design/procedural-programming-vs-object-oriented-programming-a-review/
Zandbergen, P. (2013). Object Oriented Programming vs. Procedural Programming.:http://study.com/academy/lesson/object-oriented-programming-vs-procedural-programming.html
BookSmart. (2004). Application of C. In Introduction to C (Illustrated ed., p. 28). BookSmart.: https://books.google.com.my/books?id=rMjcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28&dq=What+application+domain(s)+is+c%2B%2B+designed+for%3F&source=bl&ots=0lY7wicYVr&sig=dkor-QHho0MAmQjHiUjidVtd6Cs&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=What%20application%20domain(s)%20is%20c%2B%2B%20designed%20for%3F&f=false
http://www.stroustrup.com/GamesListOfCpp.pdf
Stroustrap, B. (2015). C Application.:
http://www.stroustrup.com/applications.html
The unique features of C in programming. (2013).:http://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-language/the-unique-features-of-c-in-programming-english-language-essay.php
Encapsulation - OOPs concept in C. (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2015.:https://www.hscripts.com/tutorials/cpp/cpp-encapsulation.php
MR, T. (2010, April 14). Data Hiding and Encapsulation - C Programming Concepts.
http://www.cpp.thiyagaraaj.com/home/blog-1/datahidingandencapsulation
R, S. (2007, April 26). C Abstraction. :http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/c-plus-plus/abstraction.html
Diwan, A. (2014). C Tutorial. :http://www.studytonight.com/cpp/types-of-inheritance.php
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_inheritance.htm
Polymorphism in C. (n.d.). Retrieved August 30, 2015.:http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_polymorphism.htm
Polymorphism. (2008).
http://www.cpptutor.com/static-polymorphism-and-dynamic-polymorphism-in-c++.htm
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/iseries/v5r1/ic2924/books/c092712220.htm
Gharote, A. (2010, November 27). Features of C. https://ameyasworld.wordpress.com/2010/11/27/features-of-c/
Albatross. (2000). History of C.:
http://www.cplusplus.com/info/history/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B#History
Deka, H. (2014). Introduction To Elements Of C.:http://www.kkhsou.in/main/EVidya2/computer_science/C_language.html
Diwan, A. (2014). C Tutorial.:http://www.studytonight.com/cpp/variables-scope-details.php
http://people.cs.clemson.edu/~turner/courses/cs428/current/webct/content/pz/ch2/ch2_5.html
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~cs1044/spring01/cstruble/notes/12.scope.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(computer_science)
Lecture 6: Names, Bindings, and Scopes
Chua, C. (2013). Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C.:
https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/cpp/cp3_OOP.html
http://www.ctp.bilkent.edu.tr/~russell/java/LectureNotes/1_OOConcepts.htm
Eliason, K. (2013, August 1). Difference Between OOP and Procedural Programming Language. :https://neonbrand.com/website-design/procedural-programming-vs-object-oriented-programming-a-review/
Zandbergen, P. (2013). Object Oriented Programming vs. Procedural Programming.:http://study.com/academy/lesson/object-oriented-programming-vs-procedural-programming.html
- Van Rossum, G., Warsaw, B., & Coghlan, N. (2001, July 5). Https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#descriptive-naming-styles. Retrieved August 29, 2015, from https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/#descriptive-naming-styles
- Batchelder, N. (2015, March 29). Python Names and Values. Retrieved August 29, 2015, from http://nedbatchelder.com/text/names1.html
- Mohtashim. (2006). Python Basic Syntax. Retrieved August 29, 2015, from http://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_basic_syntax.htm
- Yee, K. (2005, November 29). Scopes in Python. Retrieved August 29, 2015, from http://www-inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~selfpace/cs9honline/Q2/scope.html
- Lessa, A. (2001). Basic programming. In Python Developers Handbook(pp. 14 - 40). Indianapolis, Indiana: SAMS.
- Pilgrim, M. (2004). Your First Python Program. In Dive Into Python (5th ed., p. 16). http://www.diveintopython.net/index.html
- Piatetsky, G. (2013, August 27). Top Languages for analytics, data mining, data science. Retrieved August 30, 2015, from http://www.kdnuggets.com/2013/08/languages-for-analytics-data-mining-data-science.html
- Van Rossum, G. (1997). Comparing Python to Other Languages. Retrieved August 30, 2015, from https://www.python.org/doc/essays/comparisons/
- Expressions. (2015, May 23). Retrieved August 30, 2015, from https://docs.python.org/2/reference/expressions.html#literals
9.0 Appendix
9.1 Atoms syntax rule:
Atoms are the most basic elements of expressions. The simplest atoms are identifiers or literals. Forms enclosed in reverse quotes or in parentheses, brackets or braces are also categorized syntactically as atoms. The syntax for atoms is:
atom ::= identifier | literal | enclosure
enclosure ::= parenth_form | list_display | generator_expression | dict_display | set_display | string_conversion | yield_atom
(Expressions, 2015)
9.2 Calls
A call calls a callable object (e.g., a function) with a possibly empty series of arguments (Expressions, 2015):
call ::= primary "(" [argument_list [","] | expression genexpr_for] ")"
argument_list ::= positional_arguments ["," keyword_arguments] ["," "*" expression] ["," keyword_arguments
[""*" expression] ["," "**" expression] | "*" expression ["," keyword_arguments] ["," "**" expression] | "**" expression positional_arguments ::= expression ("," expression)*
keyword_arguments ::= keyword_item ("," keyword_item)*
keyword_item ::= expression
(Expressions, 2015)
9.3 Binary bitwise operations
Each of the three bitwise operations has a different priority level:
and_expr ::= shift_expr | and_expr "&" shift_expr
xor_expr ::= and_expr | xor_expr "^" and_expr
or_expr ::= xor_expr | or_expr "|" xor_expr
(Expressions, 2015)
9.4 Comparisons
Unlike C, all comparison operations in Python have the same priority, which is lower than that of any arithmetic, shifting or bitwise operation. Also unlike C, expressions like a < b < c have the interpretation that is conventional in mathematics:
comparison ::= or_expr ( comp_operator or_expr )*
comp_operator ::= "<" | ">" | "==" | ">=" | "<=" | "<>" | "!=" | "is" ["not"] | ["not"] "in"
comparisons return Boolean value(Expressions, 2015).
9.5 Python source code:
All python source releases can be downloaded for free from:
https://www.python.org/downloads/source/
10.0 References for C++ section:
Chua, C. (2013). Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C.:
https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/cpp/cp3_OOP.html
http://www.ctp.bilkent.edu.tr/~russell/java/LectureNotes/1_OOConcepts.htm
Eliason, K. (2013, August 1). Difference Between OOP and Procedural Programming Language. :https://neonbrand.com/website-design/procedural-programming-vs-object-oriented-programming-a-review/
Zandbergen, P. (2013). Object Oriented Programming vs. Procedural Programming.:http://study.com/academy/lesson/object-oriented-programming-vs-procedural-programming.html
BookSmart. (2004). Application of C. In Introduction to C (Illustrated ed., p. 28). BookSmart.: https://books.google.com.my/books?id=rMjcBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA28&lpg=PA28&dq=What+application+domain(s)+is+c%2B%2B+designed+for%3F&source=bl&ots=0lY7wicYVr&sig=dkor-QHho0MAmQjHiUjidVtd6Cs&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=What%20application%20domain(s)%20is%20c%2B%2B%20designed%20for%3F&f=false
http://www.stroustrup.com/GamesListOfCpp.pdf
Stroustrap, B. (2015). C Application.:
http://www.stroustrup.com/applications.html
The unique features of C in programming. (2013).:http://www.ukessays.com/essays/english-language/the-unique-features-of-c-in-programming-english-language-essay.php
Encapsulation - OOPs concept in C. (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2015.:https://www.hscripts.com/tutorials/cpp/cpp-encapsulation.php
MR, T. (2010, April 14). Data Hiding and Encapsulation - C Programming Concepts.
http://www.cpp.thiyagaraaj.com/home/blog-1/datahidingandencapsulation
R, S. (2007, April 26). C Abstraction. :http://www.exforsys.com/tutorials/c-plus-plus/abstraction.html
Diwan, A. (2014). C Tutorial. :http://www.studytonight.com/cpp/types-of-inheritance.php
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_inheritance.htm
Polymorphism in C. (n.d.). Retrieved August 30, 2015.:http://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_polymorphism.htm
Polymorphism. (2008).
http://www.cpptutor.com/static-polymorphism-and-dynamic-polymorphism-in-c++.htm
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/iseries/v5r1/ic2924/books/c092712220.htm
Gharote, A. (2010, November 27). Features of C. https://ameyasworld.wordpress.com/2010/11/27/features-of-c/
Albatross. (2000). History of C.:
http://www.cplusplus.com/info/history/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%2B%2B#History
Deka, H. (2014). Introduction To Elements Of C.:http://www.kkhsou.in/main/EVidya2/computer_science/C_language.html
Diwan, A. (2014). C Tutorial.:http://www.studytonight.com/cpp/variables-scope-details.php
http://people.cs.clemson.edu/~turner/courses/cs428/current/webct/content/pz/ch2/ch2_5.html
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~cs1044/spring01/cstruble/notes/12.scope.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_(computer_science)
Lecture 6: Names, Bindings, and Scopes
Chua, C. (2013). Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in C.:
https://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/ehchua/programming/cpp/cp3_OOP.html
http://www.ctp.bilkent.edu.tr/~russell/java/LectureNotes/1_OOConcepts.htm
Eliason, K. (2013, August 1). Difference Between OOP and Procedural Programming Language. :https://neonbrand.com/website-design/procedural-programming-vs-object-oriented-programming-a-review/
Zandbergen, P. (2013). Object Oriented Programming vs. Procedural Programming.:http://study.com/academy/lesson/object-oriented-programming-vs-procedural-programming.html